In the summer of 2007, MIT students Justin Curry and Curran Kelleher taught a course for gifted high-school students, called "Gödel, Escher, Bach: A Mental Space Odyssey". Justin Curry says he was inspired to create this course when he participated in Rob Speer's discussion seminar the year before.
Over the summer, they covered the first six chapters and dialogues of GEB, and one chapter of Hofstadter's follow-up, I am a Strange Loop.
The interesting thing about this is that their course was recorded by MIT OpenCourseWare, so you can refer to the detailed lecture notes they created, and even watch videos of the lectures if you choose.
Even though they only cover about a third of the book, reading these notes is a great way to fill in your understanding and catch things you may have missed, so this wiki has links to those notes on the relevant pages.